The take-home message from Yuan-Jia and Bih-Yaw’ work is that the Brazuca ball does have a fullerene that is its molecular analogue, just like its predecessors at all the world cups dating back to 1970
Category Archives: STEM
A drone over fireworks show
The Distributed Database Internals of InfluxDB
You’ll learn how data is replicated within a cluster, how failover occurs, and the evolution of how his team decided to split data across a cluster of machines. Paul also touches on distributed consensus with Raft, replication fault tolerance with a write ahead log, and how we schedule frequent tasks to run in a reliable way across a cluster.
via The Distributed Database Internals of InfluxDB – open source software.
Visualizing Algorithms
But algorithms are also a reminder that visualization is more than a tool for finding patterns in data. Visualization leverages the human visual system to augment human intellect: we can use it to better understand these important abstract processes, and perhaps other things, too.
How Vacuum Tubes, New Technology Might Save Moore’s Law
It turns out that when you shrink a Vacuum transistor to absolutely tiny dimensions, you can recover some of the benefits of a vacuum tube and dodge the negatives that characterized their usage. According to a report in IEEE Spectrum, vacuum transistors can draw electrons across the gate without needing a physical connection between them. Make the vacuum area small enough, and reduce the voltage sufficiently, and the field emission effect allows the transistor to fire electrons across the gap without containing enough energy to energize the helium inside the nominal “vacuum” transistor. According to researchers, they’ve managed to build a successful transistor operating at 460GHz — well into the so-called “Terahertz Gap,” which sits between microwaves and infrared energy. The “gap” refers to the fact that we have a limited number of devices that can generate this frequency and only a handful of experimental applications for this energy band.
via How Vacuum Tubes, New Technology Might Save Moore’s Law – HotHardware.
New ultrastiff, ultralight material developed
Normally, Fang explains, stiffness and strength declines with the density of any material; that’s why when bone density decreases, fractures become more likely. But using the right mathematically determined structures to distribute and direct the loads — the way the arrangement of vertical, horizontal, and diagonal beams do in a structure like the Eiffel Tower — the lighter structure can maintain its strength.
via New ultrastiff, ultralight material developed | MIT News Office.
Startup Has a New Way to Make Rare Earths and Other Metals
The ceramic material Powell showed me—which is made of zirconium oxide—replaces the carbon electrode and eliminates those emissions. Researchers have been trying to replace carbon for many years, but the molten salts have corroded the alternatives. The key advance for Infinium was developing alternative molten salts that don’t react with the zirconium oxide, so that it can last long enough to be practical.
via Startup Has a New Way to Make Rare Earths and Other Metals | MIT Technology Review.
Finding an alternative to carbon has long been the “dream” of the metals industry, says Donald Sadoway, a professor of materials science at MIT who is not involved with the company. “I believe [Infinium’s] technology is sound. It’s real,” he says. Whether the company succeeds “is all about the economics,” he says. “No one cares about the flow chart for the process. You care about the prices. If it produces a good metal at a lower cost, people will be interested.”
Instrumental Variables Methods
Estimating causal impacts is fraught with difficulty. Even randomized trials are imperfect, in part because we can seldom, if ever, conduct true experiments (though experimental design is still the gold standard of statistical research). IV is one of the more compelling quasi-experimental methods of estimating impacts, largely because the assumptions needed to justify the IV method are often more plausible than those needed to justify other methods, such as regression.
via The Urban Institute | Toolkit | Data Methods | Instrumental Variables Methods.
British MoD works on ‘quantum compass’ technology to replace GPS
At their lowest energies, the atoms become the coldest known bodies in the universe. Super-cooled low energy atoms are extremely sensitive to changes in the Earth’s magnetic and gravitational field.
If trapped on a small device, their fluctuations can allow scientists to track their movements from great distances away and their locations pinpointed with extreme precision.
via British MoD works on ‘quantum compass’ technology to replace GPS.
NASA’s Plan to Block Light From Distant Stars to Find ‘Earth 2.0’
The plan calls for a satellite to be sent out several tens of thousands of miles from Earth. The satellite will unfold a huge, flower-shaped metal shade that will literally block the light of some far-out star to the point where a space telescope, which will directly communicate with Starshade, will be able to image whatever planets are orbiting it directly.
via NASA’s Plan to Block Light From Distant Stars to Find ‘Earth 2.0’ | Motherboard.